Salmonella is a pervasive type of bacteria that can cause a severe food poisoning known as Salmonellosis. Annually, it is estimated that 200 million to 1 billion cases of Salmonella infections occur worldwide, leading to 93 million cases of gastroenteritis and 155,000 deaths. Approximately 85% of cases are associated with contaminated food consumption, with peaks during summer. 

Salmonella bacteria can be found in a variety of raw or undercooked foods, including chicken products, organic basil, cantaloupes, ground beef, nut butters, raw cookie dough, eggs, unpasteurized milk and even flour. Additionally, small pets like turtles, frogs and contaminated dog food have also been associated with Salmonella outbreaks.

Most Salmonella infections lead to gastroenteritis, causing stomach upset, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea within six hours of exposure, usually resolving in two to three days. Severe symptoms can include major abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, high fever and extreme fatigue. Vulnerable populations like senior citizens, pregnant women, young children and immunocompromised individuals face increased risk of serious infections, with the potential for bacteria spreading to the urinary tract, bones, joints or central nervous system, and in rare cases causing blood vessel complications in individuals with vascular disease.

While most people recover without specific treatment, it is crucial to stay hydrated by sipping water or electrolyte drinks to prevent dehydration. In severe or persistent cases, medical attention and antibiotics may be required, though it is important to note that antibiotics can prolong the shedding of the bacteria and increase the risk of transmission to others.

To prevent Salmonella infection, it is crucial to follow proper food handling and hygiene practices. This includes washing cutting boards and plates used for raw foods, refrigerating or freezing perishable foods within two hours, thoroughly washing hands before food preparation and after contact with animals and avoiding high-risk animals, especially for young children. Individuals with compromised immune systems or older adults should take extra precautions in washing and cooking their food thoroughly.

By being aware of the risks and implementing preventive measures, we help reduce the widespread impact of this persistent foodborne illness and protect the health and well-being of our communities.