Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, poses significant risks during pregnancy. Understanding the impact of syphilis on maternal and fetal health, as well as implementing early screening and appropriate treatment, is crucial to safeguard the well-being of both the mother and the unborn child.

Risk of Maternal-Fetal Transmission:

Syphilis can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy or childbirth. This vertical transmission can lead to severe complications, including stillbirth, neonatal death, or congenital syphilis. The risk of transmission is highest when the mother is in the primary or secondary stage of syphilis.

Early Screening:

Early detection of syphilis during pregnancy is essential for timely intervention. Routine syphilis screening is recommended for all pregnant women, preferably during the first prenatal visit. Additional screenings may be performed in the early third trimester and at delivery for high-risk populations.

Treatment and Prevention:

If syphilis is diagnosed during pregnancy, prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics can prevent or minimize the risk of transmission to the fetus. The choice of antibiotics depends on the stage of syphilis and the gestational age. Penicillin remains the preferred treatment for pregnant women due to its effectiveness and safety.

Partner Notification and Retesting:

Identifying and notifying sexual partners of pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis is critical for preventing reinfection and further transmission. Regular retesting for syphilis during pregnancy is also recommended, particularly for individuals at high risk or residing in areas with a high prevalence of syphilis.